표 1 / Table 1 응용 입술 트릴 훈련 전후 모음 및 말 산출 시 음향학적 측정치 비교 / Comparison of acoustic measures in vowel and speech phonation before and after Modified Voiced Lip Trill training (MVoLT)

Parameters		Before		After		t-value
		M	SD	M	SD
Jitt (%)		0.962	0.727	0.668	0.455	1.858
Shim (%)		4.315	1.671	3.328	0.878	3.006
NHR		0.133	0.018	0.128	0.014	1.324
Vowel	CPP (dB)	9.335	2.997	11.378	2.573	–3.880***
	σCPP(dB)	1.395	1.154	0.728	0.387	3.569**
	SR(dB)	34.598	5.292	35.028	4.800	–0.607
	σSR(dB)	1.574	0.398	1.543	0.471	0.329
	CSID	16.032	18.489	5.943	15.065	3.493**
Speech	CPP(dB)	6.450	1.016	6.900	0.994	–2.799
	σCPP(dB)	3.895	0.332	3.949	0.457	–0.747
	SR(dB)	33.260	2.857	33.665	2.851	–1.127
	σSR(dB)	9.809	1.053	9.856	0.841	–0.254
	CSID	–6.822	9.502	–10.760	9.521	2.353

Jitt, Jitter%; Shim, Shimmer%; NHR, Noise-to-harmonic ratio; CPP, cepstral peak prominence; SR, L/H spectral ratio; CSID, Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia; ^** p<.003, ^*** p<.001