Table 1. The effect of a vowel (in row) on the phonetic realization of words in the speech material (in column)

Vowel	Max F0	F0 range	Inverse phone rate	Mean intensity
(Intercept)	β=–.40t=–3.48p<.001***	β=–.34t=–2.89p<.01**	β=–.77t=–6.99p<.001***	β=–.62t=–5.52p<.001***
/i/	β=1.59t=4.90p<.001***	β=1.32t=4.05p<.001***	β=1.18t=3.83p<.001***	β=.47t=1.50n.s.
/ɪ/	β=.36t=1.71p=.09	β=.04t=.17n.s.	β=.79t=3.92p<.001***	β=.32t=1.53n.s.
/eɪ/	β=.44t=1.61n.s.	β=1.07t=3.90p<.001***	β=1.49t=5.74p<.001***	β=.61t=2.29p<.05*
/ɛ/	β=.57t=2.49p<.05*	β=.18t=.81n.s.	β=.79t=3.64p<.001***	β=.89t=4.03p<.001***
/æ/	β=.06t=.30n.s.	β=.31t=1.47n.s.	β=.61t=3.12p<.01**	β=.45t=2.26p<.05*
/ɝ/	β=.26t=.99n.s.	β=.19t=.74n.s.	β=1.09t=4.41p<.001***	β=1.04t=4.14p<.001***
/ʌ/	β=.48t=2.22p<.05*	β=.34t=1.54n.s.	β=.91t=4.40p<.001***	β=.93t=4.42p<.001***
/aɪ/	β=.67t=3.79p<.001***	β=.49t=2.78p<.01**	β=1.2t=7.20p<.001***	β=.95t=5.59p<.001***
/aʊ/	β=.81t=2.61p<.01**	β=1.23t=3.95p<.001***	β=1.17t=3.96p<.001***	β=.94t=3.10p<.01**
/u/	β=.51t=2.26p<.05*	β=.30t=1.35p=n.s.	β=.63t=2.96p<.01**	β=.28t=1.28p=n.s.
/ʊ/	β=.33t=.87n.s.	β=–.07t=–.20n.s.	β=–.03t=–.08n.s.	β=.75t=2.03p<.05*
/oʊ/	β=.39t=1.25n.s.	β=.54t=1.75p=.08	β=1.09t=3.69p<.001***	β=.94t=3.11p<.01**
/ɔ/	β=1.04t=3.34p<.001***	β=.49t=1.56n.s.	β=.94t=3.20p<.01**	β=1.02t=3.36p<.001***
/ɑ/	β=.23t=.98n.s.	β=.32t=1.34n.s.	β=1.16t=5.20p<.001***	β=1.31t=5.75p<.001***