Etiology | Diagnosis | N |
---|---|---|
Functional (n=30) | Vocal polyp, unilateral | 20 |
Vocal nodules, bilateral | 6 | |
Primary muscle tension dysphonia | 4 | |
Organic (n=30) | Sulcus vocalis | 10 |
Intracordal cyst | 7 | |
Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease | 6 | |
Laryngeal papilloma | 3 | |
Vocal fold hyperkeratosis | 2 | |
Vocal fold scarring | 2 | |
Neurogenic (n=30) | Adductor spasmodic dysphonia | 18 |
Vocal fold palsy, unilateral | 12 |