Appendix I. Stimuli

Target sound Word Familiarity (1: unknown, 7: well known) Sentence
1 [p] Copy 6.93 I kept a copy of the letter.
2 Floppy 4.44 You need to format a floppy disk.
3 Copper 4.93 He wore a copper bracelet on his wrist.
4 Proper 6.78 She didn’t apply through the proper channels.
5 Oppose 6.24 I would oppose changing the law.
6 Propose 6.71 What do you propose to do now?
7 Dropping 6.4 We have been flying overhead dropping bombs.
8 Tropics 4.78 Sharks go down to the tropics.
9 Pepper 6.69 Those experts rarely used salt and pepper.
10 Weapons 6.96 Nuclear weapons have unlimited destructive powers.
11 [k] Accuse 4.76 He accused me of cheating at cards.
12 Acute 3.6 She comes back with acute leukemia.
13 Occupy 6.04 The bed seemed to occupy most of the room.
14 Document 6.71 This is the first document written in Korean.
15 Mecca 5.69 This place is considered as the mecca of cosmetic surgery.
16 Second 6.89 Rio is the second largest city in Brazil.
17 [n] Channel 6.87 We used the channel to pull water back in.
18 Panel 5.76 We’ll install a solar panel on the top of your house.
19 Finish 6.8 She tried to finish the race.
20 Finnish 4.13 Finnish students study 4 hours each weekday.
21 Band 6.78 The band and their manager have parted company.
22 Banned 6.69 Cell phones are banned for the sake of audience members.
23 [i] Steam 6.47 The pot began to steam on the burner.
24 Scheme 4.36 This is how this scheme would look.
25 Release 6.8 Judges can release prisoner from jail.
26 Police 6.96 You may phone the police department.
27 Defeat 6.4 Korea experienced a shocking defeat to the Netherlands.
28 Delete 6.87 The best way is to delete strange e-mails.
29 Cheese 7 I’ll ask Mom to make cheese fondue for dinner.
30 Skis 5.04 Slant your skis a little more to the left.
31 Trainees 5.49 It is hard to know how the trainees spend their days.
32 Chinese 6.98 We need to study Chinese to gain more opportunities.
33 [u] Choose 6.96 Please choose books from different genres.
34 Lose 6.8 Penguins may lose one of the skills completely.
35 Moon 7 The moon does not give off any light on its own.
36 June 6.96 The world cup will be held from June 11 to July 11.
37 Moody 5.31 Why are you so moody today?
38 Movie 7 The movie opened on March 28.
39 Food 7 There is not much food for them during the winter.
40 Rude 6.73 Some single children are rude because their parents spoiled them.
41 [oÊŠ] Boat 6.96 Our boat crashed into a large ship.
42 Note 6.98 A musical note cannot be fully expressed on paper.
43 Ghost 6.98 He asks the ghost for another chance.
44 Boast 4.62 These two companies boast a strong market position.
45 Pope 4.02 The newly elected pope refused some of the comforts reserved for him.
46 Soap 6.84 The other side of the soap is white and carved.
47 Code 6.89 The restaurant was fined for some health code violations.
48 Toad 4.53 A toad spends less time in water than a frog.
49 Nose 7 Her nose is small and points up.
50 Knows 6.91 He knows these characters aren’t real.